當變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初(chu)級繞組(zu)通電(dian)(dian)后(hou)，線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)所(suo)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)通在(zai)鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)流(liu)(liu)動，因為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)本身也(ye)是導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)，在(zai)垂直(zhi)于(yu)磁(ci)力(li)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)面(mian)上(shang)就(jiu)會感應電(dian)(dian)勢，這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)勢在(zai)鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)斷面(mian)上(shang)形成閉合回路(lu)并產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，好像p一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)旋渦(wo)所(suo)以稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“渦(wo)流(liu)(liu)”。這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)“渦(wo)流(liu)(liu)”使變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)耗(hao)增(zeng)加(jia)，并且使變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)發(fa)熱變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫升增(zeng)加(jia)。由“渦(wo)流(liu)(liu)”所(suo)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)損(sun)耗(hao)我(wo)們(men)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“鐵(tie)(tie)損(sun)”。另外(wai)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)繞制變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)大量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)銅(tong)(tong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)，這(zhe)些銅(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)存在(zai)著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)阻，電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)過(guo)時這(zhe)電(dian)(dian)阻會消耗(hao)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)，這(zhe)部分損(sun)耗(hao)往往變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)成熱量(liang)(liang)而消耗(hao)，我(wo)們(men)稱(cheng)這(zhe)種損(sun)耗(hao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“銅(tong)(tong)損(sun)”。所(suo)以變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫升主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)由鐵(tie)(tie)損(sun)和銅(tong)(tong)損(sun)產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。 　　由于(yu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)存在(zai)著(zhu)鐵(tie)(tie)損(sun)與銅(tong)(tong)損(sun)，所(suo)以它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出功率(lv)永遠小于(yu)輸入(ru)功率(lv)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)我(wo)們(men)引入(ru)了(le)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)效率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)參數來(lai)(lai)對此(ci)進行描述，η=輸出功率(lv)/輸入(ru)功率(lv)。 編輯本段繞制材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao) 　　要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)繞制一(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)我(wo)們(men)必(bi)須對與變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)有(you)關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)認識(shi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)這(zhe)里我(wo)就(jiu)介(jie)紹一(yi)(yi)下這(zhe)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)知識(shi)。 　　1.鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao) 　　變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)是鐵(tie)(tie)片(pian)中(zhong)加(jia)入(ru)硅(gui)能(neng)(neng)降低鋼片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)性，增(zeng)加(jia)電(dian)(dian)阻率(lv)，它(ta)可(ke)(ke)減少(shao)渦(wo)流(liu)(liu)，使其損(sun)耗(hao)減少(shao)。我(wo)們(men)通常(chang)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)加(jia)了(le)硅(gui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼片(pian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)硅(gui)鋼片(pian)，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硅(gui)鋼片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)有(you)很大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)，硅(gui)鋼片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)通常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)磁(ci)通密度(du)(du)B來(lai)(lai)表示(shi)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)黑鐵(tie)(tie)片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)B值為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)6000-8000、低硅(gui)片(pian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)9000-11000，高(gao)硅(gui)片(pian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)12000-16000， 　　2.繞制變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)通常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao) 　　漆(qi)包線(xian)(xian)(xian)，紗包線(xian)(xian)(xian)，絲包線(xian)(xian)(xian)紙(zhi)(zhi)包線(xian)(xian)(xian)，常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)漆(qi)包線(xian)(xian)(xian)。對于(yu)導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，是導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)性能(neng)(neng)好，絕緣(yuan)漆(qi)層(ceng)有(you)足(zu)夠耐熱性能(neng)(neng)，并且要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耐腐蝕(shi)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)情況下好用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)QZ型號的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)強(qiang)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)聚脂(zhi)漆(qi)包線(xian)(xian)(xian)。 　　3.絕緣(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao) 　　在(zai)繞制變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)中(zhong)，線(xian)(xian)(xian)圈(quan)(quan)框架(jia)層(ceng)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隔(ge)(ge)離(li)、繞阻間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)隔(ge)(ge)離(li)，均要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)絕緣(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)框架(jia)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)酚醛(quan)紙(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)制作(zuo)，環氧(yang)板(ban)，或(huo)紙(zhi)(zhi)板(ban)。層(ceng)間可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)聚脂(zhi)薄膜，電(dian)(dian)話紙(zhi)(zhi)，6520復合紙(zhi)(zhi)等作(zuo)隔(ge)(ge)離(li)，繞阻間可(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)黃(huang)臘布，或(huo)亞胺膜作(zuo)隔(ge)(ge)離(li)。 　　4.浸漬(zi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao) 　　變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)繞制好后(hou)，還(huan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)過(guo)后(hou)一(yi)(yi)道工序，就(jiu)是浸漬(zi)絕緣(yuan)漆(qi)，它(ta)能(neng)(neng)增(zeng)強(qiang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械強(qiang)度(du)(du)、提高(gao)絕緣(yuan)性能(neng)(neng)、延長使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)情況下，可(ke)(ke)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)甲酚清漆(qi)作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)浸漬(zi)材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao) 或(huo)1032絕緣(yuan)漆(qi)，樹脂(zhi)漆(qi)。