穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)，顧名(ming)思義，就是(shi)使輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)穩(wen)定的設備(bei)。所有(you)的穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)，都(dou)利用了(le)相(xiang)(xiang)同的技(ji)術實(shi)現輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的穩(wen)定輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)通過連接到(dao)誤(wu)差放(fang)(fang)大(da)器(qi)（ErrorAmplifier）反相(xiang)(xiang)輸(shu)(shu)入端(duan)（Inverting Input）的分壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)（Resistive Divider）采樣（Sampled），誤(wu)差放(fang)(fang)大(da)器(qi)的同相(xiang)(xiang)輸(shu)(shu)入端(duan)（Non-inverting Input）連接到(dao)一個參考(kao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)Vref。參考(kao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)由IC內部的帶(dai)隙參考(kao)源(Bandgap Reference)產生。 誤(wu)差放(fang)(fang)大(da)器(qi)總是(shi)試圖(tu)迫使其(qi)兩端(duan)輸(shu)(shu)入相(xiang)(xiang)等。為此，它提供負(fu)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)流以保證輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)穩(wen)定。

根據調整管(guan)(guan)的工作(zuo)狀態，我們常把穩壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)分成兩類：線性穩壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和開(kai)關穩壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。此外(wai)，還有一種使(shi)用穩壓(ya)管(guan)(guan)的小電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

LDO（低壓降）穩壓器

LDO 是一種(zhong)線性(xing)(xing)穩壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)，(VoltageRegulators/Stabilizers)。線性(xing)(xing)穩壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)在(zai)其(qi)線性(xing)(xing)區域內運行的(de)(de)(de)晶體(ti)管(guan)或FET，從應用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)中(zhong)減去超額(e)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，產生經過(guo)調節的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。所謂壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，是指穩壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)，將輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)維持(chi)在(zai)其(qi)額(e)定值上下(xia)100mV 之(zhi)內所需的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)與(yu)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)差額(e)的(de)(de)(de)小值。正(zheng)輸(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)LDO（低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降）穩壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)，通(tong)(tong)常使(shi)(shi)用(yong)功率晶體(ti)管(guan)（也稱(cheng)為(wei)傳(chuan)遞設備(bei)）作為(wei)PNP。這種(zhong)晶體(ti)管(guan)允許飽和，所以(yi)穩壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)，可以(yi)有一個非常低(di)的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，通(tong)(tong)常為(wei)200mV左右(you)；與(yu)之(zhi)相比，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)NPN 復合電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)晶體(ti)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)統線性(xing)(xing)穩壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)，的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降為(wei)2V 左右(you)。負(fu)輸(shu)出(chu)LDO 使(shi)(shi)用(yong)NPN 作為(wei)它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)遞設備(bei)，其(qi)運行模式(shi)與(yu)正(zheng)輸(shu)出(chu)LDO 的(de)(de)(de)PNP設備(bei)類似(si)。更新的(de)(de)(de)發展使(shi)(shi)用(yong)CMOS 功率晶體(ti)管(guan)，它(ta)能夠提供(gong)低(di)的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。使(shi)(shi)用(yong)CMOS，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)穩壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)，的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降是電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)設備(bei)負(fu)載(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)ON 電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)。如果負(fu)載(zai)較(jiao)小，這種(zhong)方式(shi)產生的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)降只有幾十毫伏。

開關穩壓器

開(kai)(kai)(kai)關穩(wen)壓(ya)器(qi)，使用輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)級，重復切換“開(kai)(kai)(kai)”和(he)“關”狀(zhuang)態，與能(neng)量(liang)存(cun)貯(zhu)部(bu)件(jian)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)和(he)感應器(qi)）一起產生(sheng)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。它的(de)(de)調(diao)整(zheng)是通過(guo)根(gen)據(ju)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)反饋樣本(ben)來調(diao)整(zheng)切換定時來實(shi)現的(de)(de)。在(zai)固定頻(pin)率的(de)(de)穩(wen)壓(ya)器(qi)，中，通過(guo)調(diao)節開(kai)(kai)(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)脈沖(chong)寬(kuan)度來調(diao)節切換定時? 這就是所謂的(de)(de)PWM 控(kong)制。在(zai)門控(kong)振蕩(dang)器(qi)或(huo)脈沖(chong)模式穩(wen)壓(ya)器(qi)中，開(kai)(kai)(kai)關脈沖(chong)的(de)(de)寬(kuan)度和(he)頻(pin)率保持恒定，但是，輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關的(de)(de)“開(kai)(kai)(kai)”或(huo)“關”由(you)反饋控(kong)制。根(gen)據(ju)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關和(he)能(neng)量(liang)存(cun)貯(zhu)部(bu)件(jian)的(de)(de)排列，產生(sheng)的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)可以大于或(huo)小于輸(shu)(shu)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，并且可以用一個穩(wen)壓(ya)器(qi)產生(sheng)多個輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。在(zai)大多數情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)，在(zai)同樣的(de)(de)輸(shu)(shu)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和(he)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)要(yao)求下(xia)(xia)，脈沖(chong)（降(jiang)壓(ya)）開(kai)(kai)(kai)關穩(wen)壓(ya)器(qi)比線(xian)性穩(wen)壓(ya)器(qi)轉換電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)效(xiao)率更高。

線性穩壓器與開關穩壓器的比較

線性電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)器的(de)優點(dian)： 簡單輸出(chu)紋波電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)低出(chu)色的(de)line 和(he)負載穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya);對負載和(he)line 的(de)變化響應迅速(su);電(dian)磁干擾(EMI) 低。

缺點(dian)：效率低(di) ；如果(guo)需要冷卻設備，則要求較大(da)的空間

開關電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)穩壓(ya)(ya)器的優點：能夠處(chu)理較高的電(dian)源(yuan)密度; 效率高（降低了冷(leng)卻所需的源(yuan)電(dian)源(yuan)需求）;拓撲(pu)學結果可用于(yu)(yu)傳遞單個或多個輸出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，大于(yu)(yu)或小于(yu)(yu)生成的輸出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。

缺點：瞬時(shi)恢復時(shi)間較慢 ；輸出紋波電(dian)壓高；產生電(dian)磁干擾（EMI)

開關電容式轉換器

一個(ge)典型的(de)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)電(dian)容(rong)式轉換器包括四(si)個(ge)大(da)型MOS 開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，其(qi)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)順序(xu)為典型的(de)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、加倍或減半輸(shu)入電(dian)源電(dian)壓。能量的(de)傳遞與(yu)存貯由外部電(dian)容(rong)器提供。在開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)周期的(de)di一部分，輸(shu)入電(dian)壓作用于一個(ge)電(dian)容(rong)器（C1）。在開(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)周期的(de)第(di)二部分，電(dian)荷從(cong)C1 傳送到第(di)二個(ge)電(dian)容(rong)器C2 上。

傳(chuan)統的(de)(de)(de)開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)容式(shi)轉換器的(de)(de)(de)構造是一個反用(yong)換流器，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)C2 具有(you)(you)一個接(jie)地正(zheng)(zheng)端，其(qi)負端傳(chuan)遞(di)負輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。經過(guo)幾個周期之后，通(tong)過(guo)C2 的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)將(jiang)被施(shi)加(jia)到(dao)輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。假(jia)設C2 上(shang)沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)負載、開關上(shang)沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)損耗并且在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器中(zhong)(zhong)沒(mei)(mei)有(you)(you)連續(xu)(xu)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，則輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)將(jiang)正(zheng)(zheng)好是輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)負數。在(zai)現實(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)傳(chuan)送(song)的(de)(de)(de)效率（以及由此導致的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)精確性）取決于開關頻率、開關的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻、電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器的(de)(de)(de)值和連續(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻。一種(zhong)類似的(de)(de)(de)拓撲結構?倍壓(ya)(ya)器使用(yong)相同的(de)(de)(de)開關和電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器組，但更改了接(jie)地連接(jie)和輸(shu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。

其它(ta)更復雜的(de)變(bian)種產(chan)品使(shi)用附加開(kai)關(guan)和電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)實現輸入電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)與輸出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)其它(ta)變(bian)換(huan)(huan)比(bi)率，并且在(zai)一些情況下，使(shi)用專門的(de)開(kai)關(guan)次(ci)序來產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)分(fen)數(shu)關(guan)系(xi)（例(li)如3/2）。在(zai)各種簡單的(de)形式(shi)(shi)中，開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)容式(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)換(huan)(huan)器(qi)是不具(ju)備穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)功能的(de)。一些新的(de)National半導(dao)體(ti)開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)容式(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)換(huan)(huan)器(qi)具(ju)有自動調節的(de)增益級別以產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)經(jing)過(guo)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)輸出；其它(ta)開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)容式(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)換(huan)(huan)器(qi)使(shi)用一個內(nei)置的(de)低壓(ya)(ya)降(jiang)線性穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)未經(jing)過(guo)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)輸出。

錯誤標記

是一(yi)個(ge)(ge)集電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)開路輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)，當經過(guo)穩壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)低(di)(di)于額(e)定輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)5%（典型的）時(shi)(shi)，它會(hui)發(fa)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)信號。開始(shi)時(shi)(shi)，錯(cuo)(cuo)誤(wu)標記為(wei)(wei)低(di)(di)，直到輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)達到額(e)定輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的95% 為(wei)(wei)止。在(zai)(zai)一(yi)些情(qing)況下，電(dian)(dian)(dian)源轉換中出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)現的錯(cuo)(cuo)誤(wu)標記會(hui)有延(yan)遲。這(zhe)個(ge)(ge)延(yan)遲是由外部電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器設置的，并可(ke)用作開機重置功能將微處理器重新設置為(wei)(wei)加(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。如果顯示狀態“錯(cuo)(cuo)誤(wu)”，輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)為(wei)(wei)低(di)(di)情(qing)況使(shi)得集電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)開路的輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)為(wei)(wei)高(gao)（標記晶體管顯示OFF）。當輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)在(zai)(zai)額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)上下5% 范圍以內時(shi)(shi)，此標記輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)為(wei)(wei)低(di)(di)。

同步或頻率調整

在開(kai)(kai)關穩壓器(qi)(qi)和開(kai)(kai)關電(dian)容(rong)式轉換器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)，使用一個(ge)內(nei)部振蕩器(qi)(qi)來(lai)設置(zhi)輸(shu)出(chu)晶體管的(de)開(kai)(kai)關頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)。該(gai)開(kai)(kai)關頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)的(de)值(zhi)可以確定(ding)轉換器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)使用的(de)某(mou)些(xie)外部組件(jian)，確定(ding)轉換器(qi)(qi)產生(sheng)的(de)噪音的(de)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)，并影響轉換器(qi)(qi)的(de)性能。某(mou)些(xie)轉換器(qi)(qi)允(yun)許(xu)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)調(diao)整內(nei)部震(zhen)蕩器(qi)(qi)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)（“頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)調(diao)整”）或通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)同步(bu)振蕩器(qi)(qi)與外部電(dian)源（“同步(bu)”）來(lai)更改開(kai)(kai)關頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)。一般來(lai)說，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)提高開(kai)(kai)關頻(pin)(pin)(pin)率(lv)(lv)，可以在轉換器(qi)(qi)輸(shu)出(chu)級中(zhong)使用較小的(de)部件(jian)（電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)，感應器(qi)(qi)）。

這可(ke)能降低轉換器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)效率(lv)(lv)(lv)，因為增加了開關損耗，除非同時使用更(geng)(geng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)質量(liang)的(de)(de)部件。性能良好的(de)(de)更(geng)(geng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)(lv)的(de)(de)轉換器(qi)(qi)將比頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)(lv)較低的(de)(de)轉換器(qi)(qi)具有更(geng)(geng)快的(de)(de)瞬時響應。如(ru)果一個(ge)板(ban)上有幾個(ge)轉換器(qi)(qi)，則通常好將它們(men)同步到一個(ge)公共源。這可(ke)以控制整(zheng)個(ge)批量(liang)產生的(de)(de)噪音，并盡量(liang)減小可(ke)能產生的(de)(de)任何“敲(qiao)擊頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)(lv)”。這個(ge)問題對于高(gao)(gao)(gao)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)轉換器(qi)(qi)（例如(ru)5W 或更(geng)(geng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)）通常很重(zhong)要。在許多情況下(xia)，開關頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)(lv)只(zhi)能從其預設值(zhi)增加。產品數據表(biao)將標出該功(gong)能的(de)(de)頻(pin)率(lv)(lv)(lv)范圍。

開/關或停機

“開/關”或“停機(ji)”功能(neng)(neng)使穩(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)能(neng)(neng)夠在(zai)帶電(dian)的(de)(de)情況下打開或關閉。盡管(guan)在(zai)“關閉”或“停機(ji)”模(mo)式(shi)下，穩(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)供(gong)給電(dian)流(liu)因為輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)被(bei)禁(jin)用而降至一(yi)個較低的(de)(de)級別(bie)，但是(shi)內部偏置電(dian)路仍處于運行(xing)狀態(tai)(tai)。當重新啟用之后，穩(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，將以比輸(shu)(shu)入電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)關閉又打開的(de)(de)情況下快得(de)多(duo)的(de)(de)速度重新對(dui)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)進行(xing)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)。如果(guo)顯示在(zai)”開”的(de)(de)狀態(tai)(tai)，則(ze)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)將被(bei)邏(luo)輯高電(dian)平啟動。否則(ze)，將被(bei)邏(luo)輯低電(dian)平啟動。

1、交流(liu)穩壓電源的分類(lei)及(ji)其(qi)特點：

能夠提供一個穩定電壓和頻率的電源稱交流穩定電源。目前內地多數廠家所做的工作是交流電壓穩定。下面結合市場有的交流穩壓電源簡述其分類特點。
參數調整（諧振）型

這(zhe)類穩(wen)(wen)壓(ya)電源，穩(wen)(wen)壓(ya)的(de)基本(ben)原理是(shi)LC串聯諧振(zhen),早期出(chu)現的(de)磁飽和型(xing)穩(wen)(wen)壓(ya)器就屬(shu)于這(zhe)一(yi)類.它的(de)優(you)點是(shi)結構簡單(dan),無(wu)眾多的(de)元器件,可靠性相當高穩(wen)(wen)壓(ya)范圍相當寬,抗(kang)干擾和抗(kang)過載能(neng)力強.缺點是(shi)能(neng)耗(hao)大、噪聲大、笨重且造(zao)價高。

在磁飽和原理的基礎上的發育進形成的參數穩壓器和內地50年代已流行的“磁放大器調整型電子交流穩壓器”（即614型）均屬此類原理的交流穩壓器。
自耦（變比）調整型

1、機械調壓型(xing)，即以(yi)(yi)伺(si)服電機帶(dai)動(dong)炭(tan)刷在(zai)自耦變壓器的(de)的(de)繞組滑動(dong)面上移動(dong)，改(gai)變Vo對(dui)Vi的(de)比值，以(yi)(yi)實現輸(shu)出電壓的(de)調整和穩定。該(gai)種穩壓器可以(yi)(yi)從幾百瓦(wa)(wa)到(dao)幾千瓦(wa)(wa)。它(ta)的(de)特點是結構簡(jian)單(dan)，造(zao)價低，輸(shu)出波形失真小；但由于(yu)炭(tan)刷滑動(dong)接點易(yi)產生電火花，造(zao)成電刷損壞以(yi)(yi)至燒毀而失效；且電壓調整速度慢。

2、改變(bian)抽(chou)頭型，將自耦(ou)變(bian)壓器(qi)做成(cheng)多個固(gu)定抽(chou)頭，通過繼電(dian)器(qi)或可控(kong)硅（固(gu)態(tai)繼電(dian)器(qi)）做為開關器(qi)10件(jian)，自動改變(bian)抽(chou)頭位置，從而實現(xian)輸出電(dian)壓的穩(wen)定。

該種型穩壓(ya)器優點是電(dian)路簡單(dan)，穩壓(ya)范圍寬(kuan)（130V-280V），效率高（≥95%），價格低。而缺點是穩壓(ya)精度低（＆#177;8～10%）工作壽命短(duan)，它適用于家庭(ting)給空調器供電(dian)。

大功率補償型——凈(jing)化型穩壓器(qi)（含(han)精密型穩壓器(qi)）

它(ta)用補償環節實(shi)現輸出電壓的穩定，易實(shi)現微(wei)機控制(zhi)。

它(ta)的優點是抗(kang)干(gan)擾性能好，穩壓精度高（≤＆#177;1%）、響(xiang)應(ying)快(kuai)（40～60ms）、電(dian)(dian)(dian)路簡單(dan)、工作可靠。缺點是：帶計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)，程控交換機(ji)等(deng)非線性負載時有(you)低(di)頻振(zhen)蕩現象；輸(shu)(shu)入側電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)失真度大，源功(gong)率因數較低(di)；輸(shu)(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓對輸(shu)(shu)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓有(you)相移。對抗(kang)干(gan)擾功(gong)能要求較高的單(dan)位，在城市(shi)里應(ying)用為宜(yi)，計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)時，必(bi)須選用計算(suan)(suan)機(ji)總功(gong)率的2-3倍(bei)左(zuo)右穩壓器來使用。因具有(you)穩壓、抗(kang)干(gan)擾，響(xiang)應(ying)速度快(kuai)、價格適中等(deng)優點，所以應(ying)用廣(guang)泛。